This species is nearly identical to Alder Flycatcher. Alder and Willow were once considered to be the same species; Traill's Flycatcher. The two are best distinguished by voice. Upperparts are olive gray on the eastern supspecies, olive brown on the western. The blackish wings show two grayish wing bars, and moderately long primary extension (shorter on western subspecies). The upper wing bar is less contrasting than the lower, but neither show strong contrast with the rest of the wing. The crown is slightly darker than the back. Unlike other Empidonax, this species has an inconspicuous narrow white eye ring, which may be lacking altogether. The throat is white, contrasting with the dark face. The bill is long and broad, with an entirely pinkish-yellow lower mandible. The breast is washed olive-gray, while the belly has a faint yellowish wash. This species is in fresh plumage in spring, becoming faded and worn by mid-summer. Juvenile shows buffy wing bars.

Length: 14 (cm) Wingspan: 20 (cm)

Voice:

Song is a buzzy FITZ-bew. Call is a strong whit.

Habitat:

Riparian corridors, grown over clearcuts, and brushy areas; often, but not always, near water.

Behavior:

Typically found on low external perches when feeding.

Feeding:

Forages for insects by flycatching and gleaning. Occasionally takes small fruit.