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Saltmarshes

83 Bird Species

Caspian Tern

A large, bulky, broad-winged tern. At a distance, this species may be suggestive of a gull due to broad wings and heavy flight. Alternate Adult: Silvery-gray wings and back, dark wingtips, short, shallow-forked white tail, white underparts, black legs, black cap, and thick, dark red bill with a dusky more...

Length: 53 cm Wingspan: 127 cm

Cattle Egret

Smallest of the white herons, Cattle Egrets are easily recognized by their short necks, comparatively short bills, and upland foraging habits. Adults are white overall, with a relatively short yellow bill and yellow legs and feet. During the breeding season, buffy-orange plumes appear on the crown, b more...

Length: 46 cm Wingspan: 91 cm

Chinese Pond-Heron

Small heron with thick pointed bill and relatively short legs. In flight, white wings contrast strongly with body. Adult Breeding male: Rich chestnut-maroon head, neck and breast with slate purple patch on lower breast. White throat and chin. Bill is school bus yellow with a dark (near black) tip, bl more...

Length: 46 cm Wingspan: 86 cm

Clapper Rail

Formerly considered conspecific with Ridgway's Rail of the Pacific Coast and the more southerly Aztec Rail, which is endemic to central Mexico. A relatively large rail of coastal regions. Adult has orange head and breast, variable gray to near black belly and flanks with evenly spaced vertical white more...

Length: 37 cm Wingspan: 48 cm

Common Gallinule

A coot-like waterbird. Alternate adult has gray body, dark brown back, blackish head, white undertail coverts, white edging along flanks, and bright red bill with yellow tip. Base of bill rises shield-like in front of forehead. Legs are greenish-yellow. Basic adult lacks shield, has dusky bill with y more...

Length: 36 cm Wingspan: 53 cm

Common Snipe

This Eurasian species is nearly identical to Wilson's Snipe, and until recently was considered the same species. The two differ only in the pattern on the underside of the wing and by the number of tail feathers. Common Snipe shows extensive white on the underwing coverts and axillaries. These areas more...

Length: 27 cm Wingspan: 39 cm

Common Tern

This species is one of several small white terns that do not attain a definitive alternate plumage until at least their third spring (nearly three years after hatch date). Alternate Adult has gray back and upper wing surface, pale gray underparts, forked tail shorter than folded wings, white face, bl more...

Length: 31 cm Wingspan: 76 cm

Common Yellowthroat

Common in marshes across North America. Male is distinctive, with bright lemon yellow underparts, plain olive-green upperparts, yellow throat, green crown, and a wide black mask across the face, bordered above by a thin strip of white. Female is much duller, lacking black on face, underparts are dull more...

Length: 13 cm Wingspan: 17 cm

Double-crested Cormorant

The size of a small goose with a long neck and moderately long square tail. Rides much lower in water than waterfowl because feathering is less water-repellent. The bill is rather thin and has a slight hook at the tip. Gets its name from two rows of lateral crown feathers that are only present during more...

Length: 75 cm Wingspan: 130 cm

Emperor Goose

This is a small, compact goose with a short neck and stubby bill. The face, crown, and hindneck are white. The chin, throat, and foreneck are black, breast and upperparts are dark gray with fine black and white barring. The uppertail coverts are dark, while the tail itself is all white, a unique comb more...

Length: 66 cm Wingspan: 122 cm

Eskimo Curlew

This species, formerly among the most abundant North American shorebirds, is now likely extinct. Sightings are occasionally reported, but the last confirmed occurrence was a bird shot in 1963. Eskimo Curlews strongly resemble Little Curlews and juvenile Whimbrels. Upperparts are dark brown with buffy more...

Length: 32 cm Wingspan: cm

Eurasian Oystercatcher

A large, bulky shorebird with black upperparts and white underparts and a long heavy reddish-orange bill. Adults are uniform black on the head, neck, back, and wings, eyes are red with a bright red orbital ring, and legs are reddish-pink. Underparts and shoulder are clean white. Basic Adults have an more...

Length: 42 cm Wingspan: 83 cm

Forster's Tern

Alternate Adult has gray back and wings with pale primaries, white underparts, deeply forked tail longer than folded wings, black cap and nape, orange bill with black tip, and orange legs. Basic Adult has white underparts, black bill, dark wingtips, and white head with black mask around eye. Sexes ar more...

Length: 33 cm Wingspan: 79 cm

Franklin's Gull

Alternate Adult is crisply plumaged, with white underparts, gray wings and back, black wingtips with white spots at rest, black legs, clean black head, broken white eye ring, and deep red bill with black spot at tip. Underparts are sometimes tinted pink. In flight, black wingtips are surrounded by wh more...

Length: 37 cm Wingspan: 91 cm

Glossy Ibis

Resembles an all-dark curlew, with a long, down-curved bill (noticeably thicker than a shorebird bill), small head, long thin neck, slender body, long legs. Adult breeding (alternate plumage): looks black from a distance, but in good light is mostly dark chestnut. Back and wings are dark green with g more...

Length: 58 cm Wingspan: 91 cm

Gray Heron

Large, long legged heron with thick and pointy bill. Alternate Adult: Thick dark stripe behind eye, turning into two or three occipital plumes. Pale head. Pale eye, dark lores. Bill color ranges from dirty yellowish to yellowish-pink. Grayish sides and back of neck. White center of neck with black st more...

Length: 92 cm Wingspan: 175 cm

Non-vegetated Areas

4 species

American Avocet

Recurvirostra americana

Sandy Areas or Dunes, Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs

Barn Owl

Tyto alba

Rocky Cliffs and Gorges, Rimrocks and Mesas, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Deserts and Sagebrush Plains

Barn Swallow

Hirundo rustica

Rocky Cliffs and Gorges, Rimrocks and Mesas, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Oak Savannah and Woodlands

Rough-legged Hawk

Buteo lagopus

Rocky Cliffs and Gorges, Saltmarshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Deserts and Sagebrush Plains, Alpine Tundra and Meadows, Boreal Forest

Salt Water

83 species

American Avocet

Recurvirostra americana

Sandy Areas or Dunes, Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs

American Bittern

Botaurus lentiginosus

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

American Coot

Fulica americana

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Southern Wooded Swamps

Anhinga

Anhinga anhinga

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Southern Wooded Swamps

Barn Owl

Tyto alba

Rocky Cliffs and Gorges, Rimrocks and Mesas, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Deserts and Sagebrush Plains

Barn Swallow

Hirundo rustica

Rocky Cliffs and Gorges, Rimrocks and Mesas, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Oak Savannah and Woodlands

Barnacle Goose

Branta leucopsis

Rocky Shores, Coastal Cliffs, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Black Rail

Laterallus jamaicensis

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Black Skimmer

Rynchops niger

Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Beaches, Saltmarshes

Black Tern

Chlidonias niger

Open Ocean, Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Black-crowned Night-Heron

Nycticorax nycticorax

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Mangroves, Open Country and Grasslands, Streamside Gallery Forest and Riparia

Black-necked Stilt

Himantopus mexicanus

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Bonaparte's Gull

Chroicocephalus philadelphia

Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Dams, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Boreal Forest

Brant

Branta bernicla

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Cackling Goose

Branta hutchinsii

Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Canada Goose

Branta canadensis

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Open Country and Grasslands

Caspian Tern

Hydroprogne caspia

Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Beaches, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Cattle Egret

Bubulcus ibis

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Southern Wooded Swamps, Open Country and Grasslands, Eastern Deciduous Forest, Southeastern Pine-oak Forest, Streamside Gallery Forest and Riparia

Chinese Pond-Heron

Ardeola bacchus

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Ponds and Rivers

Clapper Rail

Rallus crepitans

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Common Gallinule

Gallinula galeata

Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Common Snipe

Gallinago gallinago

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Common Tern

Sterna hirundo

Open Ocean, Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Rocky Shores, Beaches, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs

Common Yellowthroat

Geothlypis trichas

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Southern Wooded Swamps, Open Country and Grasslands, Northern Wooded Swamps, Thickets

Double-crested Cormorant

Phalacrocorax auritus

Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Rocky Shores, Saltmarshes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Southern Wooded Swamps

Emperor Goose

Chen canagica

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Eskimo Curlew

Numenius borealis

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Eurasian Oystercatcher

Haematopus ostralegus

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Forster's Tern

Sterna forsteri

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs

Franklin's Gull

Leucophaeus pipixcan

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Open Country and Grasslands

Glossy Ibis

Plegadis falcinellus

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Mangroves, Open Country and Grasslands

Gray Heron

Ardea cinerea

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Gray-hooded Gull

Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus

Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes

Graylag Goose

Anser anser

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Open Country and Grasslands

Great Black-backed Gull

Larus marinus

Open Ocean, Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Rocky Shores, Beaches, Coastal Dunes, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Dams, Lakes Resevoirs

Great Blue Heron

Ardea herodias

Estuaries and Bays, Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Open Country and Grasslands

Great Egret

Ardea alba

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Streams and Brooks, Open Country and Grasslands

Great-tailed Grackle

Quiscalus mexicanus

Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Mangroves, Open Country and Grasslands, Chapparal, Southeastern Pine-oak Forest

Green Heron

Butorides virescens

Saltmarshes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Ponds and Rivers, Southern Wooded Swamps, Mangroves, Open Country and Grasslands, Streamside Gallery Forest and Riparia

Gull-billed Tern

Gelochelidon nilotica

Estuaries and Bays, Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes

Hudsonian Godwit

Limosa haemastica

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Open Country and Grasslands, Northern Wooded Swamps

King Rail

Rallus elegans

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Laughing Gull

Leucophaeus atricilla

Open Ocean, Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Rocky Shores, Beaches, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs

Least Bittern

Ixobrychus exilis

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Mangroves

Least Sandpiper

Calidris minutilla

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Lesser Yellowlegs

Tringa flavipes

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Boreal Forest, Northern Wooded Swamps

Little Blue Heron

Egretta caerulea

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Southern Wooded Swamps, Mangroves

Little Egret

Egretta garzetta

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Long-billed Curlew

Numenius americanus

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Marsh Wren

Cistothorus palustris

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Mottled Duck

Anas fulvigula

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Mute Swan

Cygnus olor

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Nelson's Sparrow

Ammospiza nelsoni

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Neotropic Cormorant

Phalacrocorax brasilianus

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Northern Harrier

Circus cyaneus

Coastal Dunes, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Deserts and Sagebrush Plains, Streamside Gallery Forest and Riparia

Northern Pintail

Anas acuta

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Open Country and Grasslands

Northern Shoveler

Anas clypeata

Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Ponds and Rivers

Osprey

Pandion haliaetus

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Pectoral Sandpiper

Calidris melanotos

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Pied-billed Grebe

Podilymbus podiceps

Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Ponds and Rivers

Red-winged Blackbird

Agelaius phoeniceus

Saltmarshes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Open Country and Grasslands

Reddish Egret

Egretta rufescens

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Mangroves

Ring-billed Gull

Larus delawarensis

Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Dams, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs

Roseate Spoonbill

Platalea ajaja

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Ponds and Rivers, Mangroves

Rough-legged Hawk

Buteo lagopus

Rocky Cliffs and Gorges, Saltmarshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Deserts and Sagebrush Plains, Alpine Tundra and Meadows, Boreal Forest

Saltmarsh Sparrow

Ammospiza caudacuta

Saltmarshes

Sandwich Tern

Thalasseus sandvicensis

Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Beaches, Saltmarshes

Savannah Sparrow

Passerculus sandwichensis

Rocky Shores, Coastal Dunes, Saltmarshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Alpine Tundra and Meadows

Seaside Sparrow

Ammospiza maritima

Saltmarshes

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper

Calidris acuminata

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Snow Goose

Chen caerulescens

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Open Country and Grasslands

Song Sparrow

Melospiza melodia

Coastal Dunes, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Deserts and Sagebrush Plains, Chapparal, Clearcuts, Oak Savannah and Woodlands, Eastern Deciduous Forest, Southeastern Pine-oak Forest, Western Confierous Forest, Dry Western Woodlands, Streamside Gallery Forest and Riparia, Thickets

Sora

Porzana carolina

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Spectacled Eider

Somateria fischeri

Open Ocean, Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Ponds and Rivers

Tricolored Heron

Egretta tricolor

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Virginia Rail

Rallus limicola

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Western Reef-Heron

Egretta gularis

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes

White Ibis

Eudocimus albus

Saltmarshes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Ponds and Rivers, Mangroves, Streamside Gallery Forest and Riparia

White-faced Ibis

Plegadis chihi

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Whooping Crane

Grus americana

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Willet

Tringa semipalmata

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Wilson's Phalarope

Phalaropus tricolor

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs

Yellow Rail

Coturnicops noveboracensis

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Human-altered Areas

31 species

American Coot

Fulica americana

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Southern Wooded Swamps

Barn Owl

Tyto alba

Rocky Cliffs and Gorges, Rimrocks and Mesas, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Deserts and Sagebrush Plains

Barn Swallow

Hirundo rustica

Rocky Cliffs and Gorges, Rimrocks and Mesas, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Oak Savannah and Woodlands

Black-crowned Night-Heron

Nycticorax nycticorax

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Mangroves, Open Country and Grasslands, Streamside Gallery Forest and Riparia

Bonaparte's Gull

Chroicocephalus philadelphia

Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Dams, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Boreal Forest

Cackling Goose

Branta hutchinsii

Canada Goose

Branta canadensis

Common Gallinule

Gallinula galeata

Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Double-crested Cormorant

Phalacrocorax auritus

Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Rocky Shores, Saltmarshes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Southern Wooded Swamps

Franklin's Gull

Leucophaeus pipixcan

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Open Country and Grasslands

Glossy Ibis

Plegadis falcinellus

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Mangroves, Open Country and Grasslands

Gray Heron

Ardea cinerea

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Graylag Goose

Anser anser

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Open Country and Grasslands

Great Black-backed Gull

Larus marinus

Open Ocean, Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Rocky Shores, Beaches, Coastal Dunes, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Dams, Lakes Resevoirs

Great Blue Heron

Ardea herodias

Great Egret

Ardea alba

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Streams and Brooks, Open Country and Grasslands

Great-tailed Grackle

Quiscalus mexicanus

Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Mangroves, Open Country and Grasslands, Chapparal, Southeastern Pine-oak Forest

Green Heron

Butorides virescens

Gull-billed Tern

Gelochelidon nilotica

Estuaries and Bays, Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes

Hudsonian Godwit

Limosa haemastica

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Open Country and Grasslands, Northern Wooded Swamps

Least Sandpiper

Calidris minutilla

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Lesser Yellowlegs

Tringa flavipes

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Boreal Forest, Northern Wooded Swamps

Northern Pintail

Anas acuta

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Open Country and Grasslands

Northern Shoveler

Anas clypeata

Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Ponds and Rivers

Osprey

Pandion haliaetus

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Pied-billed Grebe

Podilymbus podiceps

Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Ponds and Rivers

Red-winged Blackbird

Agelaius phoeniceus

Saltmarshes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Open Country and Grasslands

Ring-billed Gull

Larus delawarensis

Song Sparrow

Melospiza melodia

White Ibis

Eudocimus albus

Saltmarshes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Ponds and Rivers, Mangroves, Streamside Gallery Forest and Riparia

White-faced Ibis

Plegadis chihi

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Fresh Water

71 species

American Avocet

Recurvirostra americana

Sandy Areas or Dunes, Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs

American Bittern

Botaurus lentiginosus

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

American Coot

Fulica americana

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Southern Wooded Swamps

Anhinga

Anhinga anhinga

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Southern Wooded Swamps

Barn Owl

Tyto alba

Rocky Cliffs and Gorges, Rimrocks and Mesas, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Deserts and Sagebrush Plains

Barn Swallow

Hirundo rustica

Rocky Cliffs and Gorges, Rimrocks and Mesas, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Oak Savannah and Woodlands

Black Rail

Laterallus jamaicensis

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Black Tern

Chlidonias niger

Open Ocean, Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Black-crowned Night-Heron

Nycticorax nycticorax

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Mangroves, Open Country and Grasslands, Streamside Gallery Forest and Riparia

Black-necked Stilt

Himantopus mexicanus

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Bonaparte's Gull

Chroicocephalus philadelphia

Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Dams, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Boreal Forest

Brant

Branta bernicla

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Cackling Goose

Branta hutchinsii

Canada Goose

Branta canadensis

Caspian Tern

Hydroprogne caspia

Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Beaches, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Cattle Egret

Bubulcus ibis

Chinese Pond-Heron

Ardeola bacchus

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Ponds and Rivers

Clapper Rail

Rallus crepitans

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Common Gallinule

Gallinula galeata

Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Common Snipe

Gallinago gallinago

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Common Tern

Sterna hirundo

Open Ocean, Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Rocky Shores, Beaches, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs

Common Yellowthroat

Geothlypis trichas

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Southern Wooded Swamps, Open Country and Grasslands, Northern Wooded Swamps, Thickets

Double-crested Cormorant

Phalacrocorax auritus

Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Rocky Shores, Saltmarshes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Southern Wooded Swamps

Emperor Goose

Chen canagica

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Forster's Tern

Sterna forsteri

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs

Franklin's Gull

Leucophaeus pipixcan

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Open Country and Grasslands

Glossy Ibis

Plegadis falcinellus

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Mangroves, Open Country and Grasslands

Gray Heron

Ardea cinerea

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Graylag Goose

Anser anser

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Open Country and Grasslands

Great Black-backed Gull

Larus marinus

Open Ocean, Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Rocky Shores, Beaches, Coastal Dunes, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Dams, Lakes Resevoirs

Great Blue Heron

Ardea herodias

Great Egret

Ardea alba

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Streams and Brooks, Open Country and Grasslands

Great-tailed Grackle

Quiscalus mexicanus

Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Mangroves, Open Country and Grasslands, Chapparal, Southeastern Pine-oak Forest

Green Heron

Butorides virescens

Gull-billed Tern

Gelochelidon nilotica

Estuaries and Bays, Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes

Hudsonian Godwit

Limosa haemastica

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Open Country and Grasslands, Northern Wooded Swamps

King Rail

Rallus elegans

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Laughing Gull

Leucophaeus atricilla

Open Ocean, Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Rocky Shores, Beaches, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs

Least Bittern

Ixobrychus exilis

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Mangroves

Least Sandpiper

Calidris minutilla

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Lesser Yellowlegs

Tringa flavipes

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Boreal Forest, Northern Wooded Swamps

Little Blue Heron

Egretta caerulea

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Southern Wooded Swamps, Mangroves

Little Egret

Egretta garzetta

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Marsh Wren

Cistothorus palustris

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Mottled Duck

Anas fulvigula

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Mute Swan

Cygnus olor

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Nelson's Sparrow

Ammospiza nelsoni

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Neotropic Cormorant

Phalacrocorax brasilianus

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Northern Harrier

Circus cyaneus

Coastal Dunes, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Deserts and Sagebrush Plains, Streamside Gallery Forest and Riparia

Northern Pintail

Anas acuta

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Open Country and Grasslands

Northern Shoveler

Anas clypeata

Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Ponds and Rivers

Osprey

Pandion haliaetus

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers

Pectoral Sandpiper

Calidris melanotos

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Pied-billed Grebe

Podilymbus podiceps

Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Ponds and Rivers

Red-winged Blackbird

Agelaius phoeniceus

Saltmarshes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Open Country and Grasslands

Reddish Egret

Egretta rufescens

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Mangroves

Ring-billed Gull

Larus delawarensis

Roseate Spoonbill

Platalea ajaja

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Ponds and Rivers, Mangroves

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper

Calidris acuminata

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Snow Goose

Chen caerulescens

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Open Country and Grasslands

Song Sparrow

Melospiza melodia

Sora

Porzana carolina

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Spectacled Eider

Somateria fischeri

Open Ocean, Estuaries and Bays, Inshore Waters, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Ponds and Rivers

Tricolored Heron

Egretta tricolor

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Virginia Rail

Rallus limicola

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

White Ibis

Eudocimus albus

Saltmarshes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Ponds and Rivers, Mangroves, Streamside Gallery Forest and Riparia

White-faced Ibis

Plegadis chihi

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Whooping Crane

Grus americana

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Willet

Tringa semipalmata

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Wilson's Phalarope

Phalaropus tricolor

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs

Yellow Rail

Coturnicops noveboracensis

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes

Grassland and Scrubland

30 species

Barn Owl

Tyto alba

Rocky Cliffs and Gorges, Rimrocks and Mesas, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Deserts and Sagebrush Plains

Barn Swallow

Hirundo rustica

Rocky Cliffs and Gorges, Rimrocks and Mesas, Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Oak Savannah and Woodlands

Barnacle Goose

Branta leucopsis

Rocky Shores, Coastal Cliffs, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Black Rail

Laterallus jamaicensis

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Black-crowned Night-Heron

Nycticorax nycticorax

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Mangroves, Open Country and Grasslands, Streamside Gallery Forest and Riparia

Cackling Goose

Branta hutchinsii

Canada Goose

Branta canadensis

Cattle Egret

Bubulcus ibis

Common Yellowthroat

Geothlypis trichas

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Southern Wooded Swamps, Open Country and Grasslands, Northern Wooded Swamps, Thickets

Emperor Goose

Chen canagica

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Eskimo Curlew

Numenius borealis

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Eurasian Oystercatcher

Haematopus ostralegus

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Franklin's Gull

Leucophaeus pipixcan

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Open Country and Grasslands

Glossy Ibis

Plegadis falcinellus

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Mangroves, Open Country and Grasslands

Graylag Goose

Anser anser

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Open Country and Grasslands

Great Blue Heron

Ardea herodias

Great Egret

Ardea alba

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Streams and Brooks, Open Country and Grasslands

Great-tailed Grackle

Quiscalus mexicanus

Saltmarshes, Urban Landscapes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Mangroves, Open Country and Grasslands, Chapparal, Southeastern Pine-oak Forest

Green Heron

Butorides virescens

Hudsonian Godwit

Limosa haemastica

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Open Country and Grasslands, Northern Wooded Swamps

Long-billed Curlew

Numenius americanus

Beaches, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Nelson's Sparrow

Ammospiza nelsoni

Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Northern Harrier

Circus cyaneus

Coastal Dunes, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Deserts and Sagebrush Plains, Streamside Gallery Forest and Riparia

Northern Pintail

Anas acuta

Estuaries and Bays, Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Open Country and Grasslands

Red-winged Blackbird

Agelaius phoeniceus

Saltmarshes, Suburban/residential Landscapes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Ponds and Rivers, Open Country and Grasslands

Rough-legged Hawk

Buteo lagopus

Rocky Cliffs and Gorges, Saltmarshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Deserts and Sagebrush Plains, Alpine Tundra and Meadows, Boreal Forest

Savannah Sparrow

Passerculus sandwichensis

Rocky Shores, Coastal Dunes, Saltmarshes, Open Country and Grasslands, Alpine Tundra and Meadows

Snow Goose

Chen caerulescens

Estuaries and Bays, Saltmarshes, Fresh Water Marshes, Lakes Resevoirs, Open Country and Grasslands

Song Sparrow

Melospiza melodia

White-faced Ibis

Plegadis chihi

Tidal Mudflats and Shallows, Saltmarshes, Sewage Treatment Plants, Fresh Water Marshes, Open Country and Grasslands

Forest and Woodlands

13 species