A common and familiar resident throughout North America. Alternate Adult is glossy, bluish-black overall, with purple sheen on head and green iridescence on body, rufous edges on wing feathers, dark eye, short tail, and bright yellow bill. Basic Adult has white spots on underparts, head, and back, with a black bill. Juvenile, usually seen in company of adults during summer and fall, is grayish-brown all over with a whitish throat, black bill, and dull yellow gape.

Length: 22 (cm) Wingspan: 40 (cm)

Voice:

Slurring, whistled notes, grating sounds, rattles and harsh calls. Often incorporates imitations of other bird songs.

Habitat:

Virtually anywhere except pristine alpine areas and dense forests; common in urban and suburban zones, agricultural habitats, and open areas. Thrives in human-modified environments.

Behavior:

Nests in cavities, sometimes displacing other cavity-nesting species; uses birdhouses with entrance holes wider than about 1 9/16 in. Male displays while singing, waving wings to attract attention. Often visits bird feeders, especially suet. In winter, forms massive flocks, sometimes in the millions. Often flocks with blackbirds and grackles.

Feeding:

Eats a variety of insects and small prey, typically probing beak into soil or flycatching. Also forages for garbage and human food leftovers. Sometimes visits bird feeders, especially suet.